107 年度春季研討會 口頭論文非競賽組 (OB)

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OB-01

Seroprevalence and Genotypes of Bovine Leukemia Virus in Taiwan

Chang-Yan Li1, Jui-Chun Hsieh1, Shih-Te Chuang1

1Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a member of Deltaretrovirus and is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis and bovine lymphoma. To estimate the seroprevalence of BLV infection in dairy cattle in Taiwan, 660 sera samples were collected via coccygeal venipuncture and proportionally distributed in 16 counties and cities based on the number of milk cow operations in each administrative area. Commercially available ELISA kit was used to determine the positivity of each sample. According to the result, the animal prevalence in

Taiwan was 81.8% while the herd prevalence was higher than 99.1%. The genotypes of BLV were found to associate with its geographical distribution. To reveal the present BLV-genotypes in Taiwan, whole-blood samples were collected from 30 BLV-infected dairy cattle raised in 6 herds. Genomic DNA was prepared from buffy coat using commercially available extraction kit. A 598-bp-fragment within the env gene of BLV-provirus was amplified by PCR. The amplicons were sequenced and confirmed using NCBI BLAST. The 30 Taiwanese BLV-sequences, together with 51 publicly available sequences representing the 10 known genotypes, were aligned and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using neighbor joining method based on a 442-bp-length fragment. The BLV in Taiwan can be classified in to two genotypes, namely genotype 1 and genotype 3 in accordance with the genotypes defined by Rodrigeuz et al. in 2009. Such pattern was found similar to the USA, Japan and Korea and could indicate their origination of BLV in dairy cattle in Taiwan.

Keywords: bovine leukemia virus, seroprevalence, genotype

 

OB-02

Case Report: Fracture and Luxation of Lumbar Vertebrae in a Dog

Yi-Xin Mao1,2, Chien-Liang Lin2, Chuen-Fu Lin1, Kun-Wei Chan1, Jui-Te Wu1*

1Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Taiwan

2Prince Animal Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

*jtwu@mail.ncyu.edu.tw

Traffic accident is the most common cause, accounts for 53 % of vertebral fracture and luxation (VFL). Junctions between the mobile and immobile sections of the spine, such as the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral junction, are the predisposed sites. A 1-year-old intact male mixed dog weighing 13.60 kg was hit by a car, 5 days later was transferred to Prince Animal Hospital due to comminuted fracture and luxation of the sixth lumbar vertebra. The patient displayed nonambulatory paraparesis, however, had ability to bear weight on the pelvic limbs without support. Neurologic examination showed decreased postural reaction and spinal reflexes of the pelvic limbs, with normal thoracic limbs, suggested a spinal cord injury with lower motor neuron (LMN) sign and lesion was localized between the forth lumbar and the third sacral vertebrae. In addition, the superficial and deep pain perception of the pelvic limbs was normal. Since canine spinal cord ends between sixth and seventh lumbar vertebra, the injured site of the patient is innervated by cauda equina. Lumbosacral hyperpathia, LMN ambulatory or nonambulatory paraparesis, varying degrees of anal sphincter atonia and abnormalities in tail carriage and sensation are the major neurologic deficits.During surgery, the seventh lumbar vertebra was found also broken. Vertebral reduction was achieved with pins and PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate). Seven days post-surgery, the patient’s neurologic signs resolved and the radiographic examination 44 days post-surgery showed stable pin-PMMA structure. Our results suggest that this patient that retains postural reactions, spinal reflexes and pain sensation prior to surgery have a good prognosis for functional recovery.

Keywords: Vertebral fracture and luxation (VFL), spinal cord injury, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), cauda equine

 

OB-03

Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Coagulase-negative Staphylococci Isolated from Bovine Milk in Taiwan

Wen-Yu Chin1, Jui-Chun Hsieh1, Shih-Te Chuang1

1Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan

Mastitis is one of the most common and costly diseases in the dairy sector worldwide. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) which have been regarded as minor pathogens can mostly cause subclinical and mild clinical mastitis. In mastitis control programs, the use of antibiotics, especially β-lactams, such as penicillins and cephalosporins, plays a crucial role. However, there is a mechanism that resists to β-lactams in staphylococci is mediated by PBP2a, a penicillin-binding protein with low affinity for β-lactams, encoded by mecA gene. Therefore, the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is important to ensure optimal results of antibiotic use and minimize the risk for development and spread of antimicrobial resistance. In this study, a total of 148 strains of CNS isolated from bovine milk samples were identified by Vitek® 2 compact. All the CNS were as well as investigated their susceptibility in application with disc diffusion test; also screened by PCR for the presence of the mecA gene. As a result, there were 14 species identified, and the most commonly isolated CNS species was S. chromogenes (59.5%). Resistance to penicillin (37.2%) is the most commonly seen, followed by ampicillin (35.1%). Most CNS were susceptible to cephalosporins. Of all the CNS, 7 isolates were classified as methicillin resistant phenotypically, while the mecA gene could only be detected from 5 isolates. The control of CNS mastitis is complicated by the heterogeneity of this bacterial group, so the suggestion for the treatment of mastitis with antibiotics should be based on the results of antimicrobial susceptibility test.

Keywords: coagulase-negative staphylococci, mecA, bovine mastitis

 

OB-04

Detection of Zearalenone in Feeds

Ting-Wen Jheng1, Li-Wu Cheng1, Jun-Ren Ke2, Chin-En Tsai1*

1Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtune University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.

2PFT BIO ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.

Zearalenone (F-2) is fungal secondary metabolites, its effect is similar to estrogen, produced mainly by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum, were risks of contamination of maize, wheat, barley, millet and the silage. Swine are the most affected species in F-2.F-2 poisoning may cause genital swelling, frequent estrus, fake estrus in sow, stillbirth, abortion in pregnant sows, weakness and splay leg in piglet and other symptoms. In this study, the concentration of Zearalenone (F-2 toxin) in feeds and feed mills collected from farms in southern Taiwan were tested. A total of 40 samples were collected most of which were corn, soybean (full-fat soybean, soybean meal) and bran. Using the F-2 toxin rapid test kit detected positive and false positive samples. Random samples of several positive or false positive were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Standard concentrations of F-2 toxin detected by HPLC method were 15.625, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 100 ug/L. The standard curve was y = 0.0571 x + 0.1836. The correlation coefficient was R2 = 0.9994 and low of detection was 15.625 ug/L. The result that 20% of samples were detected positive by HPLC, the same as result of F-2 toxin rapid test kit detection.This study may be applied to detect F-2 toxin fast by rapid test kit in the farms which contributes to early detection and prevention of mycotoxin effect on farms and the reduction of economic loss.

Keywords: Zearalenone, HPLC, feeds

 

OB-05

Pathogen Screening in Soft Shelled Turtle Farms

Li-Wu Cheng1, Ting-Wen Jheng1, Tony Li2, Jun-Ren Ke3, Chin-En Tsai1*

1Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtune University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.

2ORIENTAL TOTAL MARKETING CO., LTD.

3PFT BIO ENTERPRISE CO., LTD

In recent years, the soft-shelled turtle industry is often plagued by disease infections. In this experiment, the API20e and PCR methods were used to detect the water and sediment pathogens of the soft-shelled turtle farm, and the 8-quality parameters of the water quality were tested. They were Ph, NH3, Nitrite, COND, DO, ORP, water temperature, and algae phase respectively. Thirteen samples of soft-shelled turtle farm water and 39 samples of sediment were collected. Bacillus cereus, Aeromonas hydrophil, Vibrio parahomolyticns and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected in the water. Bacillus cereus, Aeromonas hydrophil, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahomolyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter, Streptocooccus agalactiae were detected in the sediment. The pathological findings revealed that the soft-shelled turtles were infected with Bacillus cereus, eimeria Spp, Mycobacteria, and Aeromonas, and a case of mixed infection with Iridovirus and Bacillus were also found. It is hoped that through this experiment, we can understand the contamination status of pathogenic bacteria in the soft-shelled turtle farm and dissolve the problem of disease infection.

Keywords: soft-shelled turtle, pathogenic bacteria, water quality testing

 

OB-06

Serological Profile of anti-PRV Specific Antibodies in Farrow-to-finish Herds at Different Ages

Ling-Chu Hung1, Hsiu-Lan Lee2, Men-Yen Chiu3, Yi-Chang Tsai3, Chi-Jui Wu4, Hsin-Yi Yeh5

1Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, New Taipei City, Taiwan

2Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Pingtung County, Taiwan

3Taichung City Animal Protection and Health Inspection Office, Taichung City, Taiwan

4Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Tainan City, Taiwan

5Kaohsiung City Animal Protection Office, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

Suid herpesvirus 1, also known as pseudorabies virus (PRV), is the enveloped virus with a linear double-stranded DNA genome that has had severe impact on the swine industry. It causes not only neonatal death and encephalitis in piglets, but also causes encephalitis, pneumonia and reproductive failure in growers and sows. The aim of this study was to investigate anti-PRV specific antibodies in farrow-to-finish herds at different ages. A total of 1095 blood samples were collected from 21 herds located among West Taiwan between January of 2016 and March of 2018. Those were tested for PRV specific antibodies with the glycoprotein I (gI) ELISA and serum neutralization test. Our data showed one herd had never been inoculated any PRV vaccine, other herds were vaccinated with gI deleted PRV vaccine. Herds were defined as seropositive for field strains of PRV, if any of the serum samples were positive for anti-gI antibodies. The results showed that 81% (95%CI 58, 95) of the herds were seropositive for field strains of PRV. Eight (38%) herds were found to be positive for anti-gI antibodies at every age. Four (19%) herds were found to be positive for anti-gI antibodies in sucker, weaners, and sows. We also found four (19%) herds that have just only one sample of anti-gI antibodies was detected. One (5%) herd was found to be positive for anti-gI antibodies in sucker, weaners, finisher and sows.

Keywords: pseudorabies virus, farrow-to-finish herds, anti-gI antibody, age

 

OB-07

Serologic, Genetic Survey and Isolation of Leptospires from Bandicota indica in Central-Southern Taiwan

Li-Syuan Wu1, Ming-Jeng Pan2, Shih-Jen Chou1, and Chuen-Fu Lin*1

1Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan

2Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Sciences and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan

In total the samples of serum and kidneys of 73 B. indica from Yunlin County and Tainan city were analyzed in 2016 - 2017. We used the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the serum titers and kidney leptospiral DNA, respectively. Besides, we also used in situ hybridization and bacterial isolation from kidney. Results shown the serologic and genetic prevalence of leptospires in B. indica have 18.1% (12/66) and 35.6% (26/73) respectively, most frequent was the finding of antibody to serogroup Pomona that could be in correlation with many swine farm in these areas. The surprising is the genetic prevalence of Xuejia District, Tainan city was 51.2% (20/39), which was significantly higher than Baozhong Township, Yunlin County with 17.6% (6/34). Seven isolates were identified, belonging to the genomospecies L. borgpetersenii by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and OmpL1-typing. The pathologic analysis shown leptospiral reservoirs have chronic renal interstitial nephritis and found lots of leptospires were located in the renal tubules and around renal tubular epithelial cells.

Keywords: leptospires, Bandicota indica, MAT